{source}<script language=”JavaScript”> function formCheck(formobj){ var fieldRequired = Array(“FirstName”, “LastName”,”Company”,”City”,”State”,”Country”,”PhoneNumber”,”E-Mail”);var fieldDescription = Array(“First Name”, “Last Name”, “Company”, “City”, “State”, “Country”, “Phone Number”, “E-Mail” ); var alertMsg = “Please complete the following fields:\n”;var l_Msg = alertMsg.length;for (var i = 0; i < fieldRequired.length; i++){var obj = formobj.elements[fieldRequired[i]];if (obj){switch(obj.type){case “select-one”:if (obj.selectedIndex == -1 || obj.options[obj.selectedIndex].text == “”){alertMsg +=…

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{source}<script language=”JavaScript”> function formCheck(formobj){ var fieldRequired = Array(“FirstName”, “LastName”,”Company”,”City”,”State”,”Country”,”PhoneNumber”,”E-Mail”);var fieldDescription = Array(“First Name”, “Last Name”, “Company”, “City”, “State”, “Country”, “Phone Number”, “E-Mail” ); var alertMsg = “Please complete the following fields:\n”;var l_Msg = alertMsg.length;for (var i = 0; i < fieldRequired.length; i++){var obj = formobj.elements[fieldRequired[i]];if (obj){switch(obj.type){case “select-one”:if (obj.selectedIndex == -1 || obj.options[obj.selectedIndex].text == “”){alertMsg +=…

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{source}<script language=”JavaScript”> function formCheck(formobj){ var fieldRequired = Array(“FirstName”, “LastName”,”Company”,”City”,”State”,”Country”,”PhoneNumber”,”E-Mail”);var fieldDescription = Array(“First Name”, “Last Name”, “Company”, “City”, “State”, “Country”, “Phone Number”, “E-Mail” ); var alertMsg = “Please complete the following fields:\n”;var l_Msg = alertMsg.length;for (var i = 0; i < fieldRequired.length; i++){var obj = formobj.elements[fieldRequired[i]];if (obj){switch(obj.type){case “select-one”:if (obj.selectedIndex == -1 || obj.options[obj.selectedIndex].text == “”){alertMsg +=…

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{source}<script language=”JavaScript”> function formCheck(formobj){ var fieldRequired = Array(“FirstName”, “LastName”,”Company”,”City”,”State”,”Country”,”PhoneNumber”,”E-Mail”);var fieldDescription = Array(“First Name”, “Last Name”, “Company”, “City”, “State”, “Country”, “Phone Number”, “E-Mail” ); var alertMsg = “Please complete the following fields:\n”;var l_Msg = alertMsg.length;for (var i = 0; i < fieldRequired.length; i++){var obj = formobj.elements[fieldRequired[i]];if (obj){switch(obj.type){case “select-one”:if (obj.selectedIndex == -1 || obj.options[obj.selectedIndex].text == “”){alertMsg +=…

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{source}<script language=”JavaScript”> function formCheck(formobj){ var fieldRequired = Array(“FirstName”, “LastName”,”Company”,”City”,”State”,”Country”,”PhoneNumber”,”E-Mail”);var fieldDescription = Array(“First Name”, “Last Name”, “Company”, “City”, “State”, “Country”, “Phone Number”, “E-Mail” ); var alertMsg = “Please complete the following fields:\n”;var l_Msg = alertMsg.length;for (var i = 0; i < fieldRequired.length; i++){var obj = formobj.elements[fieldRequired[i]];if (obj){switch(obj.type){case “select-one”:if (obj.selectedIndex == -1 || obj.options[obj.selectedIndex].text == “”){alertMsg +=…

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Thermal Processing, Coatings & Laboratory Services Tajecina 114, 36-002 Jasionka near Rzeszow – Poland Tel: (48) 17 771-39-80  / Fax: (48) 17 771-39-80 Contact VAC AERO Website: vacaero.com.pl VAC AERO Rzeszow is the second facility in Poland to provides specialized metallurgical processing services. Profile & Specialization VAC AERO’s technologically advanced special processes are performed on…

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Thermal Processing, Coatings & Laboratory Services Tajecina 114, 36-002 Jasionka near Rzeszow – Poland Tel: (48) 17 771-39-80  / Fax: (48) 17 771-39-80 Contact VAC AERO Website: vacaero.com.pl VAC AERO Rzeszow is the second facility in Poland to provides specialized metallurgical processing services. Profile & Specialization VAC AERO’s technologically advanced special processes are performed on…

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Thermal Processing, Coatings & Laboratory Services ul. Elektryczna 8, 62-800 Kalisz – Poland Tel: (48) 62 753-88-70 Fax: (48) 62 753-88-78 Contact VAC AERO Website: vacaero.com.pl VAC AERO’s Metallurgical Service facility is approximately 250 Km southwest of Warsaw. This facility provides specialized metallurgical processing services Equipment & Capabilities Specialized Metallurgical Processing Services Plasma Spray Coatings…

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To serve and support our North American and global customer base VAC AERO operates three production facilities near Toronto, Ontario, two plants in the Montreal area situated in the heart of Quebec’s aerospace community as well as production facilities in Poland and India. Each business unit is focused on specific products or services but are…

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After we have properly prepared our tool steel specimens, it is generally best to examine them as-polished before etching – unless we are simply doing a routine test, for depth of decarburization, degree of spheroidization, and so forth. Examination of selectively etched tool steel microstructures by light microscopy provides more information than standard etchants, such as nital, picral or Vilella’s reagent. Further, the images are more suitable for quantitative measurements, especially by image analysis. Specimens must be properly prepared, damage free, if selective etchants, or color etchants, are to be applied successfully.

A number of etchants have been claimed to selectively etch certain carbides in tool steels. The response of these etchants has been evaluated using a variety of well-characterized tool steel compositions. While many are selective, they are often selective to more than one type of carbide. Furthermore, their use in image analysis must be evaluated carefully as measurements showed that the amount and size of the carbides are often greater after selective etching as many of these reagents outline and color or attack the carbides. By George Vander Voort